051 PARTICIPLES.

114. Besides what has already been written on this subject, (see para 66 and 67.) it is to be observed that the relative and verbal participles are formed alike.
115. The present is formed by removing the final ഉ from the present indicative; as,
Present Indicative, സഹായിക്കുന്നു.
Present Participle, സഹായിക്കുന്ന.
116. The past is made by removing the final ഉ from the past tense of the indicative, when the verbs end in ഉ. If the verb end in ഇ by adding യ; except when ഇ is preceded by യ, in which case the participle is made by removing the final ഇ; as,