099 SYNTAX OF VERBS.

214. In reference to this part of speech, it is to be observed as a general rule;
1st. That when there are two or more verbs in the sentence having reference to the same time, past participles may be used for the former verbs, the last verb is put in the tense required, and the participles must be construed as verbs in the same tense as the last,34 thus,
അവൻ ഇവിടെ വന്ന തന്റെ കുതിരയെ വിറ്റ പിന്നെ പൊകയും ചെയ്തു.
He came here, sold his horse, and went away again.
ആ വൃക്ഷം വെട്ടപ്പെട്ട തീയിൽ ഇടപ്പെട്ടു.
That tree was cut down and put into the fire.
When the past tense of the verb ends in ഇ, that tense is used instead of the participle, but to be construed like the final verb; thus,
അവൻ അവിടെ പൊയി തന്റെ കുതിരയെ വിറ്റ പിന്നെ വരികയും ചെയ്യും.
He will go there, sell his horse, and come again.
അവർ കുളിച്ച കരെറി തൊൎത്തി.
They bathed, came out of the water, and wiped themselves.
2nd. When instead of participles the form made with the verbal noun and ചെയ്യുന്നു is used, such forms are employed for all transitive and intransitive verbs; and by some few writers for the passive verb also; but this latter is not agreeable to the idiom of the language and therefore not to be imitated.
അവർ ഭക്ഷിക്കയും കിടക്കയും ഉറങ്ങുകയും ചെയ്തു.
They eat, lie down, and slept.
Verbs represented by this form ought to be of one kind, as in the last example, where all the verbs are intransitive. If a verb of a different species come in between two or more such verbs; it requires to be put in a different form, but the tense must be considered the same as the others; thus in the following example where all the verbs but one are transitive.
അവൻ ആനയെ കളിപ്പിക്കയും തണലിൽ കെട്ടുകയും പിന്നെ വന്ന അതിനെ അഴിക്കയും ചെയ്യും.
He will bathe the Elephant, tie it in the shade, come again and loose it.
34 See para: 222, on this subject.
3rd. Intransitive verbs frequently have the past participle of ആകുന്നു prefixed to them, in which case they give an adverbial sense to the noun with which they are connected; as,
അവൻ നല്ലവൻ ആയിതീൎന്നു. He became good.
ഞാൻ ദരിദ്രൻ ആയി ഭവിച്ചു. I became poor.