032 DERIVATION OF VERBS.

88. Malayalim verbs are formed in various; as,
1st. From their own roots, which, abstracted from the changes they undergo in forming the different tenses, merely indicate the general idea of the verb; as, അടി, Beat; നട, Walk; പൊ, Go; വാ, come; പറ, speak; &c.
The present tense of these verbs is made by adding ഉന്നു, യുന്നു, കുന്നു, or ക്കുന്നു, to the root.
2nd. A great many verbs are made from neuter nouns, derived from the Sanscrit, and correspond in meaning to the word from which they are formed. These verbs are made by dropping the last letter of the consonant, and adding ഇക്കുന്നു, or പെടുന്നു for the present tense; as,
പ്രസംഗിക്കുന്നു, To preach; from പ്രസംഗം, A sermon, discourse.
പ്രിയപ്പെടുന്നു, To delight; „ പ്രിയം, Delight, desire.
In some instances other slight changes take place in nouns when formed into verbs by the help of ഇക്കുന്നു; as,
മൊഷ്ടിക്കുന്നു, To steal; from മൊഷണം, Robbery.
3rd. Verbs are formed by the help of the verb ചെയ്യുന്നു, See para 127, Section 6, on ചെയ്യുന്നു. to do, to make; and in a few cases by other verbs, added to substantives, derived from Sanscrit. In this case the noun undergoes no change; as,
വെല ചെയ്യുന്നു, To labour; from വെല, Work.
മൊഷണം ചെയ്യുന്നു, To commit a robbery.
In the case of verbs formed with substantive nouns and ചെയ്യുന്നു, the verb must in general, be constructed as if the noun were the accusative case.
4th. Verbs are made by the help of verbal nouns with ഉം and ചെയ്യുന്നു, in the tense required; as,
അവൻ അവനെ അടിക്കയും ചെയ്തു, He beat him.